Respiratory physiology is the branch of physiology that focuses on the processes and functions involved in breathing and the respiratory system. This includes studying the mechanics of breathing, the exchange of gases in the lungs, and the regulation of breathing by the body's respiratory control system. Researchers in this field may study how the lungs and airways work together to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, how different factors such as exercise or altitude affect breathing, and how diseases or conditions can impact respiratory function. Understanding respiratory physiology is important for diagnosing and treating respiratory disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and sleep apnea.